On Jan 17, 9:42 am, John B wrote:


Of course, the ELL ones will have pantograph spaces and will be
electronically capable of AC/DC operation, like all new 3rd rail
stock.


Indeed, this is a key point for all present generation EMU.

Although in the general case of all types (i.e. beyond the 378s being
discussed above) it might be more than just a pantograph tp be added -
some existing classes would need - or might need in future if ordered
without - a transformer to be needed as well.

But yes power electronics are already capable.

--
Nick